Criminal Justice Organizational Trends Paper Essay

The headway of innovation is influencing everybody in their regular day to day existences whether we need to acknowledge it or not. The criminal equity framework is no more unusual to this; it has made more work for them and with the end goal for them to stay up with hoodlums they need to proceed to advance and remain current with the advancement of innovation. Innovation changes starting with one day then onto the next and so as to battle and forestall wrongdoing the criminal equity framework must remain current with the numerous progressions of innovation. Their accomplishment in the battle against wrongdoing relies upon how well they can adjust to the changes. The author will discuss the utilization of privatization and militarization of the criminal equity associations just as various conduct speculations and the impact of cultural and hierarchical assorted variety and the utilization of the criminal equity inspirational hypotheses network in this paper. â€Å"Privatization† can be cultivated in a large group of ways; in its most essential structure, it is the selection of open capacities by private substances orâ individuals (Finegan). Privatization has heavily affected the criminal equity framework and discipline frameworks. This is certainly not another thought; it is here and there an arrival what exactly was done years prior. Prior to the nineteenth century private gatherings and people took care of most of criminal equity capacities. The privatization of law implementation administrations are on the ascent, and accordingly law requirement offices will be in rivalry with private associations for law authorization administrations (Harvey). It’s time for American police to recall that they should ensure and serve our networks, not take up arms against the individuals who live in them (n.d.). Law requirement organizations wherever are burning through billions of dollars on military kind gear to use in their ordinary policing, going about as though the areas they serve are combat areas. As Ryan Grim said in the Huffington Post concerning the circumstance in Ferguson, Missouri, â€Å"Police militarization has been among the most significant and an unnoticed advancement within recent memory and it is currently starting to influence press freedom† (Timm). Radly Balko of the libertarian Cato Institute is exceptionally disparaging of the way police strategies and specialized squads have developed in this nation. He accepts that specialized squads have a spot in bigger locales however not entirely certain about the littler wards. Balko is particularly disparaging of the manner in which specialized squads are utilized in an inadmissible style when leading routine police work and where an individual’s common freedoms are regularly abused and where the specialized squad erroneously utilizes power against blameless individuals. Assorted variety inside the criminal equity framework has both positive and negative impacts all through our networks. There have occasions where exploitative acts of segregation, predisposition, and preference have been submitted against minorities in our networks. These practices have been performed by examiners, law implementation officials and judges who have been assigned with the force by our state and governments. US in the twenty first century is confronting multicultural social orders; people working in the framework are described with defendants,â society, detainees, casualties, political pioneers and experts all starting from different social directions (Barlow, 2000). The legislature accepts that social assorted variety in the United States adds to innovative reasoning, strategy changes, new thoughts and takes a gander at laws, techniques, and approaches that add to disparity and correspondence. There are a few people that help the idea that laws securing minority bunch are an immediate aftereffect of social decent variety, and these individuals are slanted to be against such laws. While the headway in innovation may diminish the requirement for extra cops, there are different elements that could possibly motivation an alternate impact. The principal change is our general segment change, an ascent in non-white individuals. This expansion tragically has additionally caused the crime percentage to increment. Consequently the progressions may simply offset each other and so as to offer satisfactory support and assurance to our networks, the law authorization offices will most likely need to keep up their present staff levels pushing ahead. While law implementation offices will be considered responsible more than ever, both for their activities and what occurs in their locales, they have to accomplish more in anticipation of things to come. They can choose, spot and train their representatives to guarantee their prosperity through the fitting employments, great authoritative structure, and an accentuation on solid moral qualities. References Barlow, H. D. (2000). Criminal Justice in America. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Finegan, S. (2012, August). Viewing the Watchers: The Growing Privatization of Criminal Law Enforcement and the Need for Limits on Neighborhood Watch Associations. ORLANDO SENTINEL. Harvey, A. J. (1994). Building an Organizational Foundation for the Future. Recovered from http://www.hitechcj.com/organizational_foundation.html Timm, T. (2014, August 14). Exercises from Ferguson: Police Militarization is Now a Press Freedom Issue. Huffington Post. War Comes Home: The Excessive Militarization of American Policing. (n.d.). Recovered from https://www.aclu.org/war-returns home over the top militarization-american-policing

Influence of race in my community

The American creed suggests that every one of its residents are qualified for equal open doors despite racial weights (Patterson Susser, 2001). There are a few residents with no social issues or impacts for the most part because of the nearness of a people which is fundamentally not founded on ethnic connections.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Influence of race in my locale explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are a few areas where human trades might be racialized principally because of the event of a different populace which may involve dark Americans, Latinos or West Indians. In my locale, principally containing African Americans and West Indians, shamefulness and generalizations influence all highlights of our social affiliations remembering political standings and different open doors for the area, gatherings, scholarly and work focuses and network situations. Do individuals from your locale seem as though you? In what ways do t hey appear to be identical or unique? I am an African American dwelling in St. Albans where the network is essentially common laborers and the people is for the most part incorporates African Americans and West Indians. My locale is included by a rural network which is in an averagely working class society (Perna Henderson, 2010). Individuals from my locale seem as though me, as the area is enormously envelops working class African Americans. There is enhancement in the improvement of houses in the district, thus heightening the strains of dwelling in high thickness regions. The people is progressively bunched, thus more noteworthy dissemination of societies. African Americans have some trademark highlights relating to, for instance, adapting to troublesome circumstances and the associations with the general family structure and expanded relations. West Indians then again have their own broadened culture inferable from the few nationalities it includes (Patterson Susser, 2001). They communicate in English, yet in various vernaculars which at first was pidgin. They consistently utilize these lingos at whatever point they are with their tribesmen, however attempt to adapt to the typical elocutions while interfacing with different societies. The locale encounters variety in societies especially because of the high relocation stream and its sincerity to guests. In the more extensive New York, there is no power by a specific ethnicity or race (Patterson Susser, 2001). There are different people speaking to divergent nationalities around the world. Business and cultural trades are led uninhibitedly by individuals from not at all like nations off root. How do pioneers inside your locale treat individuals who resemble you? How would they treat individuals who are unique? Pioneers in my general vicinity, Mr. Meeks and Scharsbough are African Americans, as are a few different authorities with focal positions. African Americans are the most involved minority bunch in the U.S. political field decided by their high enrollment turnout and contribution to races. Through the strength of blacks on my locale, the greater part of the pioneers are African Americans (Perna Henderson, 2010).Advertising Looking for inquire about paper on morals? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, there is no disparity treatment for any of different societies, as the pioneers try to maintain accord in the network (Patterson Susser, 2001). Along these lines both African Americans and West Indians get equivalent treatment and access a similar scholastic and social offices. Government offices serve everyone as the verbal correspondence is boundless over the populace. There are no workplaces planned for West Indians, nor are there those for just the African American populace. For the normal resident, administrations are managed equitably. For a littler masses who are not exceptionally streaming in English, there are translators offered in organizations, for example, the legal framework. In access to administrative administrations, West Indians and African Americans are concurred with same possibilities with no validation of fairness (Patterson Susser, 2001). There are various pioneers from the two races and consequently network individuals are permitted to support who they incline toward in the event that they are not satisfied with the headship offered by different societies. For instance, in areas like the military, there are the two races, demonstrating that individuals who might be regarded as solitary less in the general public may likewise access such headship positions. How do different individuals from your locale treat individuals who resemble you? How would they treat individuals who are unique? My neighborhood is normally settled down and everyone is immersed in self-improvement and the gradual addition of property. There is a general union in the general public, with the dispersion of societies happening (Jefferson Matte). The West Indians, in any case, feel like their vernaculars is blurring a direct result of such weights, primarily since the lifestyle of African Americans is progressively confirm in different organizations and legislative focuses. In schools and other learning organizations, there isn't a lot of difference in enlightenment as English is a transcendent language. The greater part of the West Indians communicate in English as a local language in spite of the language impacts. Thus there is better amalgamation of the considerable number of individuals from the general public, giving no space to unprejudiced treatment. Activists and academicians likewise maintain sexual orientation fair-mindedness and social reconciliation (Patterson Susser, 2001), guaranteeing that individuals from various territories are dealt with similarly. Racial reconciliation is advanced in the network to ensure the races coordinate uninhibitedly and diffuse positive soci al impacts. There is a general improvement of government assistance conditions, epitomized with the development ventures gave to guarantee availability of appropriate structures for cover. Do your writings or work manuals contain data by or about individuals like you? Instructive procedures and structures affect access to illumination openings and execution in scholarly levels (Perna Henderson, 2010). Numerous writings and work manuals hold data about African Americans, a large portion of which manage the cost of a chance to be more ready to satisfy the requirements of the community’s racially and ethnically various learners.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Influence of race in my locale explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are a few distributions in the area, some of which target West Indian people group; yet they are in English as they can comprehend it regardless of their changes in vernaculars. The written works offer leg itimate inclusion of the area, refering to the happenings of various individuals in the general public (Patterson Susser, 2001). The courses offered in my territory are normally interdisciplinary, and try to endorse the general masses to understand how their societies assume a job in controlling perspectives and practices, while acknowledging contrasts in standards and observations in the cultural collaborations. The writing additionally gives the general network the bent to valuably manage common issues emerging from social assorted varieties in the general public and the regulatory focuses. Do the neighborhood media speak to individuals like you? Assuming this is the case, in what ways? The neighborhood media speaks to us in assorted manners both in print and TV. Dissimilar to the past where media materials prove ideas of lowliness in standards where African Americans were exemplified as being unrefined in language and all the more truly forceful. Wise people were generally allude d to as white individuals (Jefferson Matte). The media, be that as it may, doesn't represent the majority of the ills influencing the African American culture (Patterson Susser, 2001). Concerns influencing the network and other social disasters are not organized in news inclusion, likely in light of the fact that they are viewed as normal and standard among the dark society. Assault and deadly group brutality cases in the roads may go unreported or secured. There is an inclination of the network individuals to watch specific projects exceptionally identified with the African American culture, for instance, Black American Television (Perna Henderson, 2010). Channels which underscore the way of life of the dark populace are favored as such cases might be accounted for and more sharpness is made on the issues relating to our locale. News on the happenings in the home zones of the network individuals is given in different distributions, in this way offering the residents with notices on current patterns back home. What are a few likenesses and contrasts among you and the individuals who are in initiative situations in your locale? Do you feel minority bunch interests are spoken to inside your locale? A few headship positions in my locale are held by African Americans, where I am incorporated. In this manner there are very little likenesses and contrasts emerging from race. Be that as it may, ideological contrasts exist dependent on government and how the West Indians get open doors for development.Advertising Searching for inquire about paper on morals? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Minority bunch interests are spoken to inside the network, exemplified by the nearness of both African American and West Indian pioneers. The vast majority of the individuals in headship positions are African Americans and henceforth there are very little physical dissimilarities (Patterson Susser, 2001). There are different intrigue bunches who guarantee that all the gatherings are all around spoke to and offered with the same chances. On the off chance that you could resolve any disparities inside your locale, what might you change? How and why? With a bigger dark populace, there are very few social irregular characteristics inside my locale. Be that as it may, there are some which must be settled so as to make a progressively self-persuaded condition where residents can work for their regular great. A general public with dif

Looking For Sample Essays For IELTS? Here Are Some Pointers

Looking For Sample Essays For IELTS? Here Are Some PointersDo you need some samples essay for IELTS? There are so many IELTS tutors on the internet and there is so much information about IELTS. So how do you know which tutor to choose and what to look for?First, I'll say that choosing a tutor is up to the test taker. Although IELTS is very demanding and tests the true and complete student, it doesn't mean that all other IELTS tutors are incompetent. In fact, most IELTS Tutors have years of practice and know the best ways to approach an exam.The things to consider when searching for samples essay for IELTS include what type of tutor to hire, who will be teaching the essay, how long the essay will take, how much the tutoring is going to cost and whether or not you are taking the exam in your own country or in a foreign country. Here are some pointers on the types of tutors you can choose from.If you are going to be testing in your own country, then you should choose a tutor with experi ence writing essays for the test, but you should also be sure that the tutor has expertise in their field of study. For example, if you are testing as a psychology major, you should choose a tutor with experience writing essays for a psychology test.On the other hand, if you're testing abroad in a foreign country, such as France, then you should find a tutor with experience writing essays in English Literature, rather than in a Psychology area. In this case, the tests would be different than in the previous example.In general, if you choose a tutor to write an essay for IELTS that does not specialize in that subject, then you will probably have a difficult time with the test. The same goes for an IELTS tutor who is only writing for an English Literature test.The key to selecting the best tutor is to find someone that fits well with your test taker, but does not overwhelm them. If you find a good IELTS tutor, then it's a good idea to work with that person to prepare for the test, so they can teach you how to do it right the first time. You should not assume that the person writing your essay is good at this or that they will do a good job.Remember, IELTS will be much harder than English Literature, so you'll need to be ready for that. But with the right help, you should be able to get through the test without suffering the effects of mental overload.

Weapons of World War I Essay - 1623 Words

There was a 17% difference in casualties from the Napoleonic Wars to World War I. This can be credited mainly to the new weapons. There were many different weapons in World War I, whether they were completely new or just variations and improvements of previous weapons. Some of the new weapons included machine guns, mustard gas, Zeppelins, and planes, while some of the improved weapons included the bolt-action rifle, the Howitzer, and pistols. The innovative new weapons that were introduced in World War I have forever changed the way wars were fought. World War I was the bloodiest and most brutal battle at its time, and without all the new weapons, it might not have been. World War I started in 1914 and ended in 1918. It was a war fought†¦show more content†¦The Germans had sent out U-boats because they simply could no longer afford a purely defensive naval strategy. The Germans were the first to use torpedoes in battle to make their U-boats even more deadly. A torpedo is sel f-propelled underwater missile launched from a tube located on the deck or inside the hull of a warship. Torpedo tubes were first built into submarines in 1885 by the Swedish armaments manufacturer, Thortsen Nordenfelt. Torpedoes in 1914 carried a contact-triggered explosive warhead and had a range of 10,000 meters and could travel at 41 knots.1 However, their ideal range was about a kilometer because they tended to be inaccurate over longer distances. The Germans had definitely revolutionized naval with the introduction of their U-boats. If it had not been for them, there may not have been any good offensive weapons to use at sea. The Germans had created much more powerful weapons by implementing torpedoes into their U-boats. This was a very smart idea by the Germans as it allowed them to catch many enemies off guard and be much more successful at sea. It was smart of them to take a more offensive approach to naval battles instead of their usual defensive approach. Not only was a n ew approach taken towards naval battle, but land warfare was also highly improved. Land warfare was perhaps the most improved aspect of World War I in terms of new weapons and combat strategies. NotShow MoreRelatedEssay on Innovation of weapons during World War I1784 Words   |  8 PagesWithin World War I began a new age of warfare. As compared to previous engagements, the adoption of new weapons changed the way in World War I was fought. Not only did the concept of war change in terms of where battles were fought, how much revenue must be spent on the war and how much time a war could span; weapons changed. During the Indian Wars and War for independence, basic weapons were used. World War I began to become mobile. Use of planes, tanks and other technological advances hadRead MoreEssay on Weapons of World War 21395 Words   |  6 Pages Weapons and Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. From swords and knives to nuclear weapons and missiles, weapons have evolved greatly throughout the years. The weapons and artillery used in World War II basically were evolved types of weaponry that were used during World War I (Military HistoryRead MoreAir Defense Artillery During World War I1005 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"At the time of our entry into World War I America was ill prepared for large scale warfare with large movements of whole Armies. The U.S. Army was not prepared with its Artillery and had no heavy artillery guns to speak of† (Hartwell, 2017). During World War I, the Coast Artillery Corps was subject to rapid changes and unit realignments. This signified the beginning of a seamless transition to what would eventually give birth to Air Defense Artillery. The French and British had providedRead MoreIn The Modern Era, Technology Has Become The Driving Force1699 Words   |  7 Pagesof the world and has led to many positive advancements, however when incorporating technological advancements into war, it can be said that technology has had more negative effects rather than positive ones. Technological advancements have had a negative effect on wars because the number of casualties increases, civilians are more susceptible to getting accidentally killed, and arms of mass destruction can easily fall into the wrong hands. It is only when looking at World War I and World War II thatRead MoreWeapons of World War 2 Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesWeapons and Artillery of World War II The result of World War II was affected by many different factors. One major factor which affected the war was the weapons and artillery used during the war. Since the beginnings of time, weapons have always been around. 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Weapons from differentRead MoreThe American Army During World War I : History In The Skies1009 Words   |  5 PagesHistory in the Skies â€Å"At the time of our entry into World War I America was ill prepared for large scale warfare with large movements of whole Armies. The U.S. Army was not prepared with its Artillery and had no heavy artillery guns to speak of† (Hartwell, 2017). During World War I, the Coast Artillery Corps was subject to rapid changes and unit realignments. This signified the beginning of a seamless transition to what would eventually give birth to Air Defense Artillery. The French andRead MoreOn July 28, 1914 World War I Commenced, Putting The Allies1525 Words   |  7 Pages On July 28, 1914 World War I commenced, putting the Allies against the Central powers. Altogether there was thirty-two countries involved in the war. Countries such as Britain, France, Russia, and the United States were pinned against countries such as Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire. Although there was a multitude of reasons that World War I erupted, the historic ‘beginning’ of this war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Despite this, The United States of AmericaRead MoreTaking a Look at the Cold War1676 Words   |  7 PagesCold War was a very scary and very horrible time between two countries after post war and each side was a very strong and had a lot of power:the USA and the USSA .At that time when everything was in tense there were some things,which they wanted to increase pulses between both the East and West but none of them where affect weapons of mass distractions was involved. In most tense moments of the Cold War was time when were due to the associate nuclear weapons.The fears of the new nuclear weapons ofRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe end of the cold war, is often considered as marking the dawn of a fundamentally different political environment. This change in environment, has brought about new salient questions by scholars and policy makers about the relevance of nuclear weapons in the world. In his article, ‘learning to love the bomb’ Jonathan Tepperman calls president Obama’s plan to rid the world off nuclear weapons wrong, dreamy, unrealistic and a big mistake. I found this article interesting as it seems rather paradoxical

Imagery Of The Negro And Its Powerful Effect On Black...

Destructive images and negative rhetoric became powerful representation of blacks that began to disseminate across the world as early as the colonial years of settlement of the late 16th century. The Negro’s representation of being destructive and negative was by far the catalyst that fueled whites with hatred for the African and these representations are considered powerful because it is the images themselves that further made it possible to allow white people to justify the cruel treatment of the Negro in America. Throughout history the Negro has also suffered from vagrancy laws, the black codes, and Jim crow (segregation) but nothing seemed to compare to the black image of inferiority that proved to be the most successful tool of propaganda within the institution of racism. Images such as servile, primitive, and simpleminded just to name a few were used to degrade Africans and it is these images that have influenced the dialog of the black leaders throughout history. My arg ument will discuss the psychological effects of such negative imagery of the Negro and its powerful effect on black leaders such as Dubois, Washington, and Woodson. The psychological effects of negative imagery were powerful enough that many black activist and civil rights leaders in their responses discuss the conditions of the black race that addressed such powerful representation that many negroes conformed to. In the arguments of DuBois, Washington, and Woodson I will show how the negative yetShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination And Oppression Of Native Americans And The Souls Of Black Folk By. B. Du Bois Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesThe Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Du Bois. Although both Authors criticize the treatment of minorities in their book’s, Du Bois African Americans and Jackson Native Americans, they do so through distinct methods, differing in regards to the portrayal of the tone and the mood of the novel, though both using powerful imagery to support their arguments that the treatment of minorities is unacceptable and must change. Throughout both a A Century of Dishonor and The Souls of Black Folk, Du BoisRead MoreThe Meaning Of Slave Religion Summary1437 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans and images of black religion in American culture have been key to the development of American ideals and culture, as well as a reflection of the nation’s failures as a country. Throughout the text, Evans never truly offers any added narrative to the events in history he speaks on, but simply historicizes the burden that has been placed on black religion, and by natural extension, black people. He documents the changes in how black religion was viewed in America and how black America respondedRead MoreSummary and Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1708 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"outsider†. On April 16, 1963, King responded to their letter with his own call, which has come to be known as his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail.† King justified the nonviolent measures t hat sent him to jail and explained why the segregation laws against blacks in the south must be changed (356-371). At the beginning of this letter, King gives us the reason why he was in Birmingham. Not only was he invited there as president of the SCLC to launch and support the protests but also because injustice was inRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr1689 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Junior is often known as the leader of African American civil rights in the United States. His infamous â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech brought a crowd of over two hundred and fifty thousand people to the steps and lake of the Lincoln Monument in Washington D.C. In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. led a protest in Birmingham, Alabama that focused on the unfair treatment and the segregation of African Americans. The court ruled that he was not allowed to hold protests. Therefore, he was arrestedRead MoreAnalysis of I Have a Dream Speech1857 Words   |  8 Pageselectrif ied a nation. In Washington D.C, King delivered his speech on the steps of the Lincoln memorial and as his powerful voice echoed out across an audience of 200,000 people, echoes of the Gettysburg address could be heard as well as the Declaration of Independence and the Bible. It has been called â€Å"masterfully delivered and improvised sermon, bursting with biblical language and imagery.†The passionate speech is filled with rhetorical devices that help ground into earth Kings demands of racial equalityRead MoreEffects of Slavery on American Society2112 Words   |  9 PagesCivil Rights era, winning the elimination of Jim Crow laws and legally making blacks equals, however, the hate crimes and racism still carried on, and until whites set aside their differences and the laws began to be strictly enforce against hate crimes and segregation, the blacks did not get the same privileges as the previously preeminent white race. Slavery came to America in 1619, and stayed until 1865, and the effects lasted all the way through the 1900’s. As a plantation economy arose in theRead MoreLanguage as a Social Construction of Reality.4593 Words   |  19 Pagesof reality process. In their discussion of the omnipresent importance of language for the reality we experience in everyday life, Berger and Luckmann (1967:38) state AI encounter language as a facticity external to myself and it is coercive in its effect on me.@ Research into the social psychology of language as well as studies on language and social interaction has evolved over the past several decades among several disciplines including sociology, psychology, English, anthropology, communicationRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesintentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts to Culture Bearers is that it correctly traces the connection between the emergence of Rastafarianism and the history of resistance and black consciousness that has been part of the Jamaican experience for years. The truth is that there has always been a committed Jamaican counter- culture that celebrates and sees redemption in Africa and rejects the European values that have oppressedRead MoreReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10879 Words   |  44 Pagessaw a face like it! It was a discoloured face—it was a savage face. I wish I could forget the roll of the red eyes and the fearful blackened inflation of the lineaments!...This, sir, was purple: the lips were swelled and dark; the brow furrowed: the black eyebrows widely raised over the bloodshot eyes† (327). Mrs. Reed Cruel â€Å"Then Mrs Reed subjoined: ‘Take her away to the red-room, and lock her in there’† (14). Resentful â€Å"Again she regarded me so icily, I felt at once that her opinion of me...was unchanged

The Original Purpose Of Greek And Roman Mythology

wen Lyons Professor O’Nolan English One Honor August 18, 2015 Introduction 1. The original purpose of Greek and Roman Mythology was â€Å"supposed to show us the way the human race thought and felt ages ago.† 2. The thoughts and imagination of the people helped fuel the stories of Mythology. 3. The types of stories that existed prior to mythology were poems, and the apparent element was, in my opinion, imagination. 4. The â€Å"Greek Miracle† was expressing â€Å"the new birth of the world with the awakening of Greece† 5. In Egypt the gods were portrayed as â€Å"a towering colossus immobile, beyond the power of the imagination to endow with movement, as fixed in the stone.† In Mesopotamia the gods were â€Å"Bas-relief of bestial shapes unlike any beast ever known.† 6. The inspiration for gods was modeled after the world around them. 7. The Greeks were made to be similar to human beings because â€Å"Human gods naturally made heaven a pleasantly familiar place.† 8. The Greek Mythology stories became rational due to the fact that no matter who, they realized tat even if it’s very unrealistic it takes place in an actual place giving it the ability to be â€Å"rational†. 9. An allegory is a representation of a spiritual meaning through material forms. Hercules was an allegory because â€Å"He fought the monsters and freed the Earth from them just as Greece freed the earth from the monstrous idea of the unhuman supreme over the human.† 10. Myths are seen as a form of science because some myths represent gods orShow MoreRelatedMythology by Edith Hamilton Critical Analysis837 Words   |  4 PagesMythology by Edith Hamilton Edith Hamilton: Mythology is a collection of Greek and Roman myths retold by Edith Hamilton. It is rewritten in a way that more readers could comprehend its content. The book was published in 1999 by Grand Central Publishing in New York, New York. Edith Hamilton believed that Greek myths show how high the ancient Greeks rose above ancient filth and fierceness. However, she also believed that Greek mythology do not throw any clear light upon what early mankind wasRead MoreGreek and Roman Culture Essay examples1240 Words   |  5 PagesGreek and Roman culture, although similar, are very different and interesting. Since the Romans adopted culture from the Greeks, many traditions are the same. When the Romans conquered the Hellenistic cities, they became fascinated with the idea of a Greek style of doing things. All things Greek were now considered popular. This is how much of the Greek way of life made its way into the Roman society. The first part of culture that the Romans adopted was the Greek art. Scores of Greek paintingsRead MoreMythology and How It Affects Society Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesMythology has been used in a multitude of ways since the beginnings of civilization as it provided mankind explanation for natural occurrences: harvest time and the changing of the seasons, natural disasters: earthquakes and storms, and life events: birth and death, but was also used to simply provide entertainment. Another huge role that mythology played a part in was the explanation of how the earth and all its people were created and why. This formed the structure for many societies as they couldRead MoreThe Analysis Of Mythology Of The Environment And The Unconscious Mind978 Words   |  4 Pages The analysis of mythology in relation to society establishes a commonality among humanity, as well as the analyzation of various cultural perspectives and values around the world. Thus forth we see the origins of mythology diversely interpreted and analyzed by the context of culture. Myths â€Å"symbolize† and â€Å"embody† human experience in relation to a cultures beliefs and values (Rosenberg, 1999). Despite the various roots in which a myth may originate and or the level of cultural recognitionRead MoreThe Contributions Of The Ancient Greeks And Romans754 Words   |  4 Pagescontributions of the ancient Greeks and Romans still influence our modern world. Greece was the birthplace of: World famous mathematicians: Thales of Miletus-Thales Theorem, Pythagoras of Samos, who coined the term, mathematics, (that which is learned.) As well as Pythagoras’s Theorem, A (2) +B (2) =C (2) Euclid (Eukleides)of Alexandria, treatise on geometry, the Elements. Origins of Architecture. Modern skyscrapers are still designed in the image of the great Greek Columns. Mathematical theoriesRead MoreGreek Art And Greek Objects Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagesbelonged to the Greeks. Their heritage was so highly valued that it lived on even after they no longer ruled. 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The Greco Roman civilization remained the hub of culture during the classical era and its influence can be seen even today inRead MorePortrait of Augustus as General1323 Words   |  6 PagesPortrait of Augustus as General Roman portraiture was one of the most significant periods in the development of portrait art. The characteristics of Roman portraitures are more modest, realistic, idealized, and natural. Also, the body compositions, muscles and facial expressions of portraits and sculptures are more advanced. Many roman portraits are directly linked to specific individuals, such as gods and emperors. They were often used for propaganda purposes and included ideological messagesRead MoreQuick Essay on the Temple of Saturn868 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant structures in Roman society, because it signified all of their major values as a whole, in one place, and today the Temple stands in ruins, at the foot of Capitoline Hill, on the Western side of the Forum Romanum. The origin of the Temple of Saturn is hard to determine, since the only records we have are the reconstructions of the Temple, and not the date or period it was first made. Construction of the temple is thought to have begun in the late r years of the Roman Kingdom under TarquiniusRead MoreMyths or Fictions: Gods vs. Superheroes Essays883 Words   |  4 Pagesand Martha Kent in his starship that crashed in Smallville, Kansas. In another story, Superman was also found in the middle of nowhere, but was sent to an orphanage soon after. The original Superman is quoted to be â€Å"half Huckleberry Finn and half Robin Hood† (Tye 31). He had the technique to be straightforward and purpose as pure as gold. However in another comic rewrite, Superman is said to have been â€Å"a spineless, unbearable coward!† (Tye 31) by a woman that he is trying to pursue. Superman’s personality

Rise of Apple Smart Phone Sales in Asian Market

Question: Describe about the Rise of Apples Smart Phone Sales in Asian Market? Answer: Rise of Apples Smart Phone Sales in Asian Market. In September 2014, when Apple introduced large screen smart phones its sales has seen a prominent rise in the Asian Market. Now the company Apple is challenging the South Korean originated Samsung Electronics in its home turf. Through this strategy Apple proves that it has better utilised the product differentiation strategy by bringing regular and timely changes in its product line. Apple has won the markets of Japan, China and South Korea. Few months before Samsung was enjoying the market position in its home countries like Japan and South Korea where it has an impregnable position. It was very difficult for other smart phone companies to break this watertight position of Samsung in its domestic market but Apple has successfully broken this position and entered the domestic market of Samsung. By the end of November 2014, Apples market share in Asian countries like Japan, China and South Korea has increased to 33% from 15% when the company launched iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus. Apple has also challenged South Korean Brand LG Electronics by 14% of market share. Thus the company Apple has gained the top position by leaving the Samsung and LG Electronics to No. 2 and No.3 respectively. Till November the Samsung shares were hovering at the rate of 60% but with the launch of iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus, its share fell to 46% (Eric, 2015). Apple smartly understood the needs and desires of Asian market consumers. The company successfully conducted the PESTLE analysis and launched its new product by understanding the demographics of the Asian consumers. From the demographic segmentation company realised that consumers have long seen the large screen smart phones and they are using these smart phones as their primary communication tool instead of PCs. Earlier Samsung was enjoying leading position by developing the phablets (a combination of smart phones and tablets). Samsung analysed the South Korean market and created this country as the biggest market for such devices (Eric, 2015). According to Tom Kang, who is the research director of mobile devices at Counter point says that in Korean market no foreign brand has been able to compete the global smart phone leader Samsung by gaining the market share beyond 20%. But with the launch of iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 plus has dent the phablets sale of Samsung not only in Korean market but also in Asian market. Apple has shown good marketing strategy and international marketing by entering the Japanese market which is the strongest market for cell phone industry. In Japan the leading company is Sony which was surpassed by Apple. In November the company sales rose to 51% with the introduction of new series of phone. With new series of smart phones Apple has pull the Sony from first position to second position by 17% of its market share (Eric, 2015). Talking about China, Apple was not able to make the top position, but with its 12% share it gained the third position after Xiaomi with 18% market share and Lenovo at second position with its market share of 13%.Samsung who was the long run leader in China or smart phones has now pulled to fourth position with just 9% of market share (Eric, 2015). Conclusion Finally from the above marketing article published in Wall street journal has proved that Apple has gained the top position in the global market by introducing new product lines and effectively making use of its marketing and promotion strategies. References Eric Pfanner. (Jan 20, 2015). Apples Smatphone sales in Asian Markets Soar-Counterpoint. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2015/01/20/apples-smartphone-sales-in-asian-markets-soar-counterpoint/

Outline some of the ways in which Marketisation and Selection Policies may produce social class differences in educational achievement (12 Marks) free essay sample

Marketisation is when schools become more business-like. This could be competition; schools strive to get to the top of league tables, they want the best grades and results, and they try to provide the best. Marketisation introduced funding formula, exam league tables and competition between schools. Due to the Marketisation of schools and the education system, sociologists have found that there is now an A to C economy and educational triage. Due to this change schools are now under immense pressure to stream and select pupils. For schools to receive good funding and pupils they need to achieve a good league table. Due to the league table sociologists, Gillborn and Youdell found that it creates what they call a ‘educational triage’. Gillborn and Youdell describe this as the sorting of pupils with a school. Their idea separates pupils into three categories; those who will pass anyway, borderline pupils (D-C) and hopeless students. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline some of the ways in which Marketisation and Selection Policies may produce social class differences in educational achievement (12 Marks) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their study found that teachers were likely to base the student’s ability on class. Those from a working class background are likely to be the ‘hopeless cases’ therefor the students were given no academic help and were ignored. Due to this label, Gillborn and Youdell believe this will lead the students to believing they’re in fact not intelligent and the self-fulfilling prophecy will lead to failure. In some cases the educational triage helps individual students who are C/D borderline, however it therefor does hinder the lower/ high grade students, as they are likely to be ignored due to them having either a very low or have a very high chance of passing. Schools, due to Marketisation, are also under pressure to pick and select ‘ideal pupils’ which are usually middle-class students. They will gain the school they attend higher grades and therefor a higher position in the educational league tables. Schools which achieve good rakings within league tables are most likely to attract more middle-class pupils and then will therefor improve the schools overall results and make the school popular. A school which is popular will receive more funding and thereby improve the schools results and so on, likewise an under achieving school will continue on a downward spiral. In 1993, Will Barlett found that popular schools were therefor likely to cream skin and silt- shift. League tables therefor lead  schools to marketize themselves to the public in order to attract middle-class children as they think they will most probably achieve higher grades leading to higher funding. Marketisation aims to attract middle-class students and not working-class students which may produce social class differences in educational achievement. Will Barlett argued in 1993 that Marketisation leads to schools cream skimming and silt-shifting. Cream skimming in education means that schools select higher ability pupils (mainly middle-class children) who gain the best results and therefor cost less to educate. Silt-Shifting however is the idea that schools also off load pupils with learning difficulties who are there for expensive to teach and will cost the school more money than the average child. This can disadvantage working class students in several ways. One way it disadvantages working-class students is by using home and school contracts. Selective schools usually require parents to sign a document explaining the schools expectations of the students before being offered a place. Sociologist Gewirtz explained that one individual school required parents to â€Å"ensure attendance and punctuality †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Schools do this as they will be attracting the right sort of parents and children. This technique is used to discourage working-class students and parents from applying if they are not willing to work or encourage their children to achieve their best. This technique within marketization also favours middle-class students as their parents are most likely to care about their education. Overall, Marketisation and Selection Policies do in fact produce social class differences in educational achievement. Firstly, league tables are likely to create an educational triage which seems to favour middle-class children more so than working-class children as they are likely to be labelled as hopeless. Next, league tables are designed to attract middle-class families and finally schools try to discourage working-class parents from sending their children to popular schools. We can gather from sociologist’s research that Marketisation and Selection Policies do produce social class differences in educational achievement.

CNG- The only alternative essays

CNG- The only alternative essays Over the past hundred plus years the world has relied on oil as the mainstay fuel for vehicles, and this dependence has backed us into a corner. Many people have introduced solutions to this dependence, but unfortunately, none have been put into real world use. These solutions included Electricity, Hydrogen, Alcohol, and many others. All have been analyzed and scrutinized greatly since their introduction and many have great benefits over oil but none have been put into use on a large scale. This is the result mainly of large oil companies and auto manufacturers, which have heavy weight in politics, who are very complacent to make a large switch. This complacency has caused the world to continually use and process oil nonstop depleting nearly all reserves worldwide. Now the projected life span of oil has been changed to less than fifty years left before all oil has been consumed. People are finally realizing this fact and want to make a change but they do not know where to star t. CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) is another alternative to gas that has not been addressed nearly as much as other solutions. CNG has many benefits and nearly no negatives that give it perfect reason to be the next fuel for our world to rely on. The first alternative that received rave reviews but then lost steam quickly off was that of Electric Vehicles that ran solely on electricity. These cars sounded great for many reasons. The fuel was much cheaper and completely clean. The cars were also touted as the only vehicles that could, Plug into the Sun (John Felt, Ford Motor Company). People bought into this idea and felt they had finally found the solution to their energy needs, but unfortunately many cons showed up quickly. Electric engines did not produce much horsepower resulting in their use in only compact cars and nothing larger. This reason alone made many change their minds because electric vehicles could never be used as "...

Leadership Differences Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership Differences - Term Paper Example New leadership theories attach emphasis on the importance of trust, honesty and long-term partnerships in conducting and running organizations. The 21st century presents a competitive business world and, therefore, needs leaders with novel ideas and that are willing to inspire and motivate others to take risks as well as being able to build new strategic relationships to address the emerging challenges brought about by globalization (Richard Daft, 2010). In the 20th century, leadership was about obtaining a finite objective or goal that is, delivering goods and services with a sole aim of making profits; dominance and the exercise of market power. However, in the 21st century, leadership is about an infinite objective or goal of satisfying customers; cognitive flexibility, vision and mission, authenticity, and the creation of strategic relationships. Organizations in this century make profits by creating value and quality products to customers and not through the solely delivering goods and services to the customers like in the 20th century. For this reason, scholars argue that â€Å"the finite objective of the 20st century about delivering goods and services to make profit was dispiriting and annoying because the goal demotivated and dispirited the workers, in addition to, acting as a source of frustration for the customers since the objective was unsustainable as it ignored quality and value addition† (Denning, 2010). The i nfinite goal of the 21st century, on the other hand, is naturally inspiring and aims at satisfying customers and workers, thus considered sustainable. Conversely, the 20th century business landscape was characterized by linear objectives, which organizations would obtain with ease through internal advantages such as economies of progressively because the organizations were in charge and controlled the consumers. The organizations, thus never minded much about quality and the need to provide innovative and quality

Construction Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Construction Law - Case Study Example Partnering 1 means a relationship of open communication and close cooperation that involves both Government and Contractor personnel working together for the purpose of establishing a mutually beneficial, proactive, cooperative environment, alliances to contractual partnerships within which to achieve contract objectives and resolve issues and implementing actions as required. Partnering, as I define it, is the process of two or more entities coming together for the purpose of creating synergistic solutions to their mutual challenges. The Construction industry including both private and public sector clients, main contractors, consultants and specialists. The collective spend of the client members runs into billions of pounds and it constitutes the most influential pan-industry body in the construction industry. The building of a Partnering relationship is not straightforward and it is essential that sufficient time and resource is allocated in order to achieve the desired result. Effective relationships are the bedrock of Partnering and the Project culture needs to be one of full openness, honesty and trust in all dealings between the parties. .. The contract has been drafted as a purchase Order with separate Collaborate Construction terms. The former is only six pages long with additional appendices and is completed to fit the requirements of the particular project. In order to achieve a successful Partnering relationship all parties need to adopt a far greater degree of collaboration than would be found in conventional contracting. Partnering requires commitment throughout the business units and its suppliers and is not an easy option. Proactive attitudes and contributions will be required on Partnering from Project Initiation in order to obtain improved performance and shared benefits. The collaboration construction terms comprise some 18 pages and should not change, although some of the provisions may not apply, depending upon how the purchase Order has been completed. The contract is unique in that it can be used for the appointment of both consultants and contractors as a subcontract for appointment of sub consultants or subcontractors. There are already a growing body of evidence that lawyers are providing a different role from that of traditional 'legal technicians' and 'dispute adviser' in favour of movements towards 'assisting the delivery of successful projects'. Lawyers can genuinely 'add value' by explaining how a collaborative relationship can work within a supportive contraction framework. One simple step forward is for lawyers to at least explain the proposed form of construction contract (be it a partnering contract or otherwise) to the project team who will work under or in conjection with it. It is assumed that all parties fully understand what their legal obligations are and how their contract is indented to fit in with

LABOR ROOM ACCOMMODATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN TAGUM CITY

LABOR ROOM ACCOMMODATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN TAGUM CITY PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Background of the Study Comfort is a concept that has a strong association with nursing. Nurses traditionally provide comfort to patients and their families through interventions that can be called comfort measures. The intentional comforting actions of nurses strengthen patients and their families. Caring is about how nurses do their work. The effects of caring are difficult to measure; the effects of comfort interventions (including caring) are measureable(http://www.thecomfortline.com/FAQ.html#beginnings).   Date  Retrieved May 20,2010.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hospital has been the traditional setting for providing care for people. These individuals were admitted to the hospital and were not discharged until they were fully recovered or had used all of the service available within the hospitals (Fundamentals of Nursing Taylor et al. 1993). Hospital specifically in labor room is  in which women in labor are monitored prior to delivery (http://www.pregnology.com/AZ/L/1). Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Physical comfort include deficit in physiological mechanism that are disrupted or at risk because of an illness or invasive procedure.Social comfort can get through family, friends co-workers, society and relationship with all of the above. Environmental needs include orderliness, quiet, comfortable, furniture, minimal oders and safety as far as is possible in the setting. Psychospiritual comfort needs include the needs of motivation and trust in order for the family to rise above or more peacefully through the discomfort of painful procedure or trauma that cannot be immediately relieved. (Kolcaba).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Todays findings, based on responses 10 NHS health trust, were obtained by the conservatives who attached the government for failing to deliver world-class maternity care for women in London, shadow health secretary Andrew Lasey said, new mothers should not be put through the trauma of giving birth in such inappropriate places. A Washington hospital there were six reported case last year (2008) where babies were born on the antecital ward because of delivery rooms on labor ward (http:www.thisisLondon.comVIC) Date Retrieved, February 22, 2010. Birth Center is designed to provide a comforting, safe experience for every patient during labor. The intrapartum nurses on our unit are attentive to specific patient requests and are recognized for their competence and expertise as key health care providers. Their goal is a safe and healthy delivery for every woman. A large percentage of our direct care nursing staff is nationally certified in their field of expertise and several staff members are also Masters prepared nationally certified nurse midwives. In addition to a highly experienced staff, we also have the pleasure of working with Portland Doulas who are available to support our patients  (http://www.ohsu.edu/) Date Retrieved, May 20,2010 In the hospital of Cebu Puericulture Center and Maternity House all labor-delivery-recovery rooms (LDRs) are designed to accommodate the birthing process from labor through delivery and recovery of mother and baby. Equipment is moved into the room as needed, rather than moving the patient to the equipped room. Each labor room shall contain a hand washing facility and have access to a toilet room. One toilet room may serve two labor rooms. Labor rooms shall have controlled access with doors that are arranged for observation from a nursing station. At least one shower (which may be separate from the labor room if under staff control) for use of patients in labor shall be provided. Windows in labor rooms, shall be located, draped, or otherwise arranged, to preserve patient privacy from casual observation from outside the labor room. Labor room size should be determined by analyzing the needs of the resident(s) to move about the room in a wheelchair, gain access to at least one side of h er bed, turn and wheel around the bed, equipment, including chair, stretcher, and IV stand (http://mapiles.com/cebu-puericulture-center-and-maternity-house-inc/) Date Retrieved, May 24, 2010. The Labor Room of Davao Regional Hospital, Apokon Tagum City is described as one of the most over-populated areas inside the hospital because without complication 3 cms. and up will enter the labor room if with complications they will directly enter the labor room. There were 10 beds available, if a woman belongs to OB ward she will share the bed to another woman; however, if a woman belongs to private rooms she needs not to share the bed to another woman. DRH is considered as one of the tertiary hospitals in the Philippines. In which, this usually has a full complement of services. Since, Davao Regional Hospital cannot say No to patients because it is a public, government establishment. They cannot control the increasing number of patients that were being admitted. Because of that matter pregnant women is subjected to physical, social, environmental and psychospiritual discomfort. The researchers desire to conduct this study because we anticipated that the comfort of pregnant women needs to be studied further if the number of admitted patient influences the comfort. Furthermore, the problem affects the wide variety of pregnant women in Davao Regional Hospital, Tagum City since they are the one who will be deliberated with their situation inside the labor room, because this problem occurs especially if it is a government establishment. Statement of the Problem   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This study aims to determine the relationship between labor room accomodation and comfort of pregnant women in Davao Regional Hospital, Tagum City. Specifically, this study will answer  Ã‚  the following questions: What is the extent of labor room accomodation in terms of: 1.1 Bed assignment 1.2 Nursing assistance 2. What is the level of comfort of pregnant women in terms of: 2.1 Physical 2.2 Social 2.3 Environmental 2.4 Psychospiritual   Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Is there significant difference on the extent of labor room accomodation when analyzed according to:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.1 Parity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.2 Hospital room accomodation   Ã‚  4. Is there a significant difference on the level of comfort of pregnant women when analyzed according to:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.1 Parity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.2 Hospital room accomodation   5. Is there a significant relationship between the extent  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  labor room accomodation and the level of comfort of pregnant women. Hypothesis There is no significant relationship between the labor room accomodation and the level of comfort of pregnant women. There is no significant difference on the extent of labor room accommodation when analyzed according to parity and hospital room accommodation. There is no significant difference on the level of comfort of pregnant women when analyzed according to parity and hospital room accommodation. There is no significant relationship between the extent of labor room accommodation and the level of comfort of pregnant women. Review of Related Literature   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Several and varied sources were used and read to gather relevant literature and research. Professional books, journals, periodicals and related research were found valuable sources of articles worthy of being included in the chapter. These article were valuable in the construction of research instruments. Moreover, they helped  Ã‚  enriched the  Ã‚  contents of such. Bed Assignment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hospital address capacity issues in a number of ways. A common approach is to seek licensure for more beds an expensive investment. Expanding bed capacity through licensure may be necessary. But incorporating a bed management system is a less costly solution that makes better use of existing resources. Bed management systems maximize existing capacity by efficiently moving patients through care delivery. Bed manages systems provides nurses data necessary to assess performance measures based on activity, thus increasing resource of effectiveness.(Technology alleviates bed management woes by: Pam Parker, RN, C, BSN, MBA; Nursing Management 2005) Date Retrieved, May 21, 2010. Federal health planners proposed a series standards for most of the nations hospitals that they said would reduce the number of unneeded beds by 100,00 over the next seven years. The standards, which are aimed at further constraining almost runaway hospital charges, would limit acute care hospital beds to four per 1, 000 persons throught the country and set a minimum level of 80 percent occupancy in general hospitals in an effort to force the closing of inefficient and expensive facilities. The specifics of the proposals are also intended in the interests of efficiency to concentrate obstetrical and pediatric services in fewer hospitals and reduce the numbers of high cost (http://news.google.com/newspapers) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. The bed must be adjustable that can be lowered or raised to the position to make you feel more comfy while laboring. So while setting yourself in your delivery or labor room and you dont want using pain relief be sure to pray first and offer all the things that will happen at that moment then have a relaxation and breathing techniques, find comfortable position while in labor, listen to soft and romantic music. Think of good memories with your love ones and think something that makes you smile to ease your pain in laboring. Always think positive so that you can manage the pain (http://www.helium.com/items/1809340-what-to-expect-in-the-labor-room) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Nearly all hospitalized laboring women spend most of the time in bed. We made simple but radical modifications to a hospital labor room, which included the removal of the standard hospital bed and the addition of equipment to promote relaxation, mobility, and calm (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19489810) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. The investigators noted that the bed is a major reason for lack of mobility. Its prominence conveys that it is the appropriate place for laboring women, and a woman in bed offers ready access for interventions, an observation backed up by research. (http://rixarixa.blogspot.com/2009/07/beds-and-birth-rooms.html) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Nursing Assistance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When a pregnant trauma patient presents, nurses face and unusual situation; there may be two injured patients, one inside the another. As nurses, we must asses and treat one patient whose body has been anatomically and physiologically change by pregnancy and another whom we cannot see, touch, inserted an IV catheter into, or place an oxygen mask on. Its essential that we understand the changes associated with pregnancy, which can affect both the nature of an injury and  Ã‚  the body respones to it, and their implication in the assessment and treatment of both patients. (Prauma in pregnancy by: Laura M. Criddle, PWD, RN, CEN, CRN, FAEN) Date Retrieved, May 21, 2010 The labor nurse is responsible for monitoring, blood work, vaginal exams, paperwork and many things that you need for giving birth. She is your direct connection to your doctor or midwife and informing them how your labor is going on. She can also give you some suggestions for comfort in your labor from positioning to medications. (http://www.helium.com/items/1809340-what-to-expect-in-the-labor-room) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. In todays  hospitals  and extended care facilities a nurse assistant is an important part of a health care team that includes many personnel outside of  nurses. Nurse assistants are needed to provide routine care so that nurses can provide care that only they can perform, as outlined by each states Nurse Practice Acts. The nurse assistant must not only be very skilled in the actual  procedures  being performed but must also be able to observe a patients condition and report that information back to the nurse. Due to other responsibilities, the nurse cannot spend large amounts of time in the room with the patient so the nurse assistant is often referred to as the nurses eyes and ears (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_nursing_assistant) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Nurse-midwives are registered nurses with advanced training in care of obstetric patients. They provide care for about 6% of the birth in the United States and Canada (ventura et al. 1998). Nurse-midwives may practice with physicians or independently and with an arrangement for a physician back up. They usually see low risk obstetrics patients .( Wong et al. 2002) Nursing assistance has a traditional role and a professional role to fulfill: of clinical assessment of the progress of labor and physical status of mother and fetus. In addition, emotional support is provided by expressing caring and dependability as well as being an advocate for the childbearing woman if needed.   They should display a tolerant non-judgmental attitude, ensuring that the woman is accepted whatever her reactions to labour may be. Women who feel in control of their own bodies, who retain control of their behavior and who feel they have an active part in decision making have a more satisfactory birth experience. (Green et la 1990, Lindow et l 1998, Wallace et al 1995). Physical   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bed rest is often prescribed to pregnant women who shows signs of distress of preterm labor, despite of evidenced of its effectiveness in preventing adverse outcomes. Although often thought of as benign, bed rest may include many psychologic and metabolic changes related to musculoskeletal reconditioning. The long term effects of bed rest need to be better understood, and woman who have been on bed rest may need close assessment and rehabilitation to facilitate a return to function and prevent injury (http;//www.medscape.com/viewarticle/436416). Date Retrieved, February 25, 2010.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Back pain during late pregnancy is a frequent clinical problem. Very little is known about the impact of this symptom on the quality of life among pregnant women with back pain. The objective of the study is to know the influence of back pain and physical ability on quality of life in late pregnancy. Irrespective of back pain the pregnant women studied featured lower quality of life (QOL) compared with published data on healthy women. Among the women with back problems, who had the most impaired QOL, the factors affecting QOL were mostly related to physical ability (http;//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pbmed/10789670) Date Retrieved, February 25, 2010.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All women stated they were physically supported by their female companions. Examples of this physical help included position changing, massaging, and help with walking them to the bathroom. The majority ( n=18) of women stated that the presence of their female relative helped facilitate communicating their wishes and needs to the care providers. The remaining seven women stated that the presence of their female support relative created some minor conflict with midwives, who seemed to view the relatives as interfering  with the process of care. (Enkin, M., Keriese, M., Neilson, J., Crowther, C., Duley, L., Hodnett, E., et al. (2000). Previous research has shown that intrapartum practices in Jordan are not always based on the best on the best evidenced in the literature (Khresheh; Kresheh et al., 2007; Sweidan et al., 2008). Women in the sample expected poor support from their healthcare professionals, but when allowed to have support in labor from family members, they readjusted their expectations and had a more positive experience (Dahlen et al., 2008) The physical support provided by the female companion encouraged this sample of pregnant woman to relax. This may reduce their stress response resulting in an improved pattern of labor ( Taylor et al., 2000). The physiological dimension addresses factors that affect the clients physical status, such as rest and relaxation, treatment of medical condtions, level of nutrition and hydration, and elimination of wastes (Kolcaba, 1992a, p. 34). Physical comfort encompassed all the physiological ramifications of medical problems, which may or may not result in physical sensations immediately. Example of some necessary condtions for physical comfort, in this board sense, are homeostatic mechanism such as fluid/electrolyte balance, stable and normal blood chemistries, adequate oxygen saturation, and other metabolic indicators of health. An additional insight about physical comfort came form Hamiltons comfort theme of positioning. The importance of this type of comfort was prominent in ergonomics and was associated with increased function and productivity (http://books.google.com.ph/books). Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Social   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The friendliness and caring of all staff members was central in achieving social comfort. This included their approach and attitudes, continuity of care and a meaningful schedule of events and activites. In such instances, where patients have a limited network of support, nurses may be the most important source of social comfort and therapeutic use of self may enhance comfort more than nurses might realize. Nurses and other team members can facilitate social comfort of the family unit, however, by making them feel at home, important, intelligent and valued. (http://books.google.com.ph/books). Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Many studies have provided evidence about the positive influences that women experience when receiving labor support from a companion present during birth. Sauls 2002 published an overview of the randomized controlled trials related to the effectiveness of labor support on birth and maternal outcomes, reporting that all studies found benefits; the most powerful beneficial effects occurred when support was provided by a birth companion rather than by a health professional. Other studies of laboring have also identified the positive effects of help given by a support companion who was present and provided verbal encouragement (Parpinelli Osis, 2007). A supportive companion has been shown to have a possitive influence on the womans satisfaction with the birth process, and does not interfere with other events, interventions, or neonatal outcome, or breastfeeding. The evidence for the effectiveness of support in labor is strong enough for the World Health Organization to have recommended that woman in labor must be accompanied by people with whom she feels comfortable and trusts ( Bruggemann, , Cecatti, Neto, 2007)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is scarcity of evidence on the effects of the presence of companion during the birth process in developing countries. In a larger part of this current study (Kresheh, 2008), a total of 226 nulliparous women who were admitted to Al-karak government hospital for birth were asked if they wanted a female relative to stay with them. Findings showed significant effects on labor and birth outcomes, with less use of pharmacologic pain relief, and improvement in the womens general perception of their birth experience (World Health Organization. 2007). Detractors form social comfort include isolation form family, disregard for cultural traditions, uncaring or anxious nursing behaviors, fragmented care, lack of nursing care when desired, poor social support, and limited resources for ongoing care at home after discharge (http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2008/12/sample-resear-2.html) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Environmental   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Clearly, the right environment for healing and health promotion was considered an important source of comfort by nurses interested in holistic care. Today, environmental comfort is a key aspect of units specifically designed to promote physical and cognitive function of hospitalized persons (http://books.google.com.ph/books? ) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. There are more than 4 million chemical mixtures in homes and businesses in this country, with little information on the effects most of them during pregnancy. However, a few are known to be harmful to an unborn baby. Most of these are found in the workplace, but certain environmental pollutants found in air and water, as well as chemicals used at home, may pose as risk during pregnancy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A pregnant woman can inhale these chemicals, ingest them in food or drink, or, in some cases, absorb them through the skin. For most hazardous substances, a pregnant woman would have to be exposed to a large amount for a long time in order for them to harm her baby. Most workplace have preventive measures to help make sure this doesnt happen. Pregnant women can take steps to help protect themselves and their babies from pollutants and potentially risky chemicals used at home. (http://www.marchofdimes.com/aboutus/681_9146.asp) Date Retrieved, December 19, 2010.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since almost all non-pharmacological methods of pain relief require you to relax in some ways, having an environment that promotes relaxation can improve your chances of laboring without medication. Even if you choose to use medication during your labor, the environment sets the tone for your labor and may play a part in your mood. (http://www.birthingnaturally.net/birthplan/options/environment.html) Date Retrieved, December 19, 2010. Factors in the environment that distract form pregnant womens comfort are cold, noise, chaos, endless bright lights, bad odors, lack of privacy and uncomfortable stretchers, chairs, and beds. Unmet safety need can detract form comfort and include a lack of properly functioning equipment, security problems, security hazards, inaacurate care poor aseptic/sterile techniques resulting in nosocomial infections and medication or treatment errors. Freeing patients form restraints and restrictive devices such as intravenous lines, noninvasive monitors and intermittent, rather than continuous, monitoring when appropriate (http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2008/12/sample-resear-2.html) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. The labor room should be such that the woman is not considered is not constrained by lack of privacy or lack of supports such as cushions and beds from adopting her preferred position. In a hospital environment, it may help to move the labor from its traditional place in the middle of the room, and to place other support such as cushions and birth balls the room so that the mother is free to roam from one to another as the labor dictates. Low lighting and music of her choice may help the woman to see a safe and secure place to give birth. Minimizing unnecessary intrusion by the other   member of staff is essential.(Fraser et al.2003) Psychospiritual Anxiety is a major distractor form psychospiritual comfort and some include in this context are confusing, incomplete or negative information; threatening diagnoses; fear and the prspect of a change in routine or health status (http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2008/12/sample-resear-2.html) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Hamiltons second comfort theme was self-esteem, including faith in God, being independent, feeling relaxed, being informed and feeling useful. The contexts of pyschological and spiritual comfort are combined to form psychospirtual context. Psychospiritual comfort includes mental, emotional, and spiritual components of self. The definition that has evolved is whatever gives life meaning for an inidvial and entails self-esteem, self-concept, sexuality and ones relationship to a higher order or being. (Kolcaba, K., 1997). Parity Traditionally,  elder or mature pregnant women are believed to have more adverse pregnancy outcomes  than younger pregnant women. In fact, the great majority of  the medical literature concerning late childbearing relates  to women between the ages of 35-40 years. However, many   of these studies showed the pregnancy performance and neonatal  outcome among the group of mothers aged >35 years are similar  to those of younger age (Kirz  et al., 1985; Ho  et al., 1986).  These findings therefore constitute a challenge to the current  definition of advanced maternal age, which uses 35 years as  the cut-off point with reference to the age-related effects  on pregnancy outcome. The primiparous mothers had a higher incidence of antepartum  hemorrhage and hypertensive disorder. The factors influencing birth experience as acceptable were multiparous women (Para 2-3) in 128 (68.08%) cases; primigravidas in 61 (80.26%) cases, study have shown that the pain threshold of pregnant women differs from the number of birth experiences. Furthermore, labour pain is nearly a universal experience for childbearing women but threshold of this pain varies between individuals (http://jpma.org.pk/full_article_text.php?article_id=2106) Date Retrieved, May 24, 2010. Hospital room Accommodation   In some countries a labor companion is not allowed for cultural or other reasons (policy does not allow, place too crowded, no privacy, bad advice from companion etc). It was discussed and agreed that there is need for midwives to use their knowledge and scientific evidence available to influence policy to ensure that in those countries where companions are not allowed, this can be considered. In those countries where the companion is allowed but not permitted into the labor ward because they give bad advice, the midwives were challenged to ensure that the companion is given adequate information before the labor starts so that the companion becomes more positive and helpful during labor.  Ã‚  http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2005/ICM_report_eng.pdf) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. According to the CHCAAs interpretation, the Ontario Health Insurance Act requires that public hospital must provide overnight accommodation at the standard ward level at no charge to the patient. In addition, The Canada Health Act states that all Canadians are entitled to the level of accommodation required by the patients medical condition at no charge. Funding including Federal Transfer Payments for these scenarios is provided to the hospitals by the province (http://www.chcaa.org/education/HospitalWP.pdf) Date Retrieved, May 23, 2010. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework In the theory of comfort by Katharine Kolcaba staes that the comfort is a concept that has a strong association with nursing. Nurses traditionally provide comfort to patients and their families through interventions that can be called comfort measures. The international comforting actions of nurses strengthen patients and their families ( who can be found into their own homes, in hospitals, agencies, communities, states and nations ). When patients and families are strengthened by actions of health care personnel (nurses ), they can be engage in health seeking behavior. (http://www.thecomfortline.com/comfort-theory.html) The researcher anchored this theory in their research since the dependent variable in this research is comfort. Basically the main topic here is about the comfort that the mothers in the labor room are experiencing. every patient in the hospital deserves to have comfort. Kolcaba derived the contexts in which comfort is experienced form the literature of holism and she defined them as physical, psychospiritual, environmental and social. The physical comfort pertains to the bodily sensations. Psychospiritual relate to internal awareness of self, including esteem, self-concept, sexuality and meaning in life, relationship to a higher order or being. Environmental have relevance to external surroundings, conditions and influences. Social appertain to interpersonal, family and societal relationships. In this research, the researchers are trying to find out the relationship of lack of beds in the comfort of pregnant women in the labor room of Davao Regional Hospital Tagum City. Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. It consist of three variables. The Independent variable is the labor room accommodation and the dependent variable is the comfort of pregnant women. The moderators are the parity and ward.   Independent variable Dependent varieable Comfort of Pregnant Women Physical Comfort Social Comfort Environmental Comfort Psychospiritual Comfort Labor Room Accommodation Bed assignment Nursing Assistance   Parity Hospital Room Accommodation   Moderator  variable   Figure 1 Conceptual Paradigm of the Study Significance of the study   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This study will give benefits and useful information to people in the field of nursing particularly: Pregnant women:  the outcome of the study will help them obtain their desired comfort when in labor. Nurses:  Ã‚  The outcome of the study will give them the knowledge the value of comfort of Pregnant women. Administration:  Ã‚  The outcome of the study will recognize adjustment to cater and to give genuine care for all the pregnant women. Student Nurses:  The outcome fo the study will assist them to provide more extensive comfort of pregnant women appropriately. Definition of terms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For easy understanding, in the study the following major terms are herein defined conceptually and operationally. Labor room accomodation. The labor room should be such that the woman is not considered is not constrained by lack of privacy or lack of supports such as cushions and beds from adopting her preferred position. In a hospital environment, it may help to move the labor from its traditional place in the middle of the room, and to place other support such as cushions and birth balls I the room so that the mother is free to roam from one to another as the labor dictates. Low lighting and music of her choice may help the woman to see a safe and secure place to give birth. Minimizing unnecessary intrusion by the other   member of staff is essential.(Fraser et al.2003). In our study, it refers to the intrapartal care received by the pregnant women in Davao Regional Hospital. Bed assignment. Hospital beds are electrically operated. The staff will show you how to work your bed properly. Your hospital bed is probably higher and narrower than your bed at home, and includes bedside rails for your protection. The rails may be raised for your safety or at your request, if youre resting, recovering from surgery or taking certain medications. http://www.multicare.org/allenmore/hospital-amenities/ In our study, beds are classified as to what hospital room accommodation is choosen. Nursing assistance.  The Nursing Assistant is an important member of the health care team who often holds a high level of experience and ability, but without qualification is unable to often perform some tasks due to issues of liability and legality.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_nursing_assistant. In our study, it focuses on the maternity care from which the pregnant women is subjected inside the labor room until she is

Dame Ragnell: Searching for the Truth Essay -- Arthurian Legends Lite

Dame Ragnell: Searching for the Truth Throughout the Arthurian legends, the role of the mysterious hag is one that continually appears. The hag is often associated with great magical power and revelations - both physical and psychological. In "The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell," Dame Ragnell is the magical hag that aids Arthur in his quest for the answer to the "Holy Female Question." It is ultimately because of the noble, chivalrous and courtly Sir Gawain, that the true identity of the hag can be revealed. While Dame Ragnell is not an evil character, the hag is ultimately a character of question. One must wonder how trustworthy the hag truly is when magic is involved. From other Arthurian legends, such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight we can see that the hag is a malevolent character who uses the hag image as a guise to fool others. In the end, the hag's real image is generally revealed along with her goal. Dame Ragnell is not a beautiful woman who has intentionally taken the form of a hag trying to deceive o thers like Morgana LeFey in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Dame Ragnell offers the truth to the men of the story and proves Sir Gawain to be as honorable as his reputation says he is. The story begins with Arthur hunting a stag in the forest. After the kill of the stag he stumbles upon a giant of a knight, Sir Gromer Somer Joure. In order to live, the knight makes a deal with Arthur. If he returns in a year and a day with an answer to the question "What do women want?" his life will be spared. Arthur and his confidant, Sir Gawain, ride throughout the land with two books. In these books they write down the answers they receive from women all over the land to Sir Gromer's question. Upon comparing their b... ...n cursed? Where is the proof of this curse? Apparently she can become fair at some point on her own. Does this mean she too practices magic? How do we know Sir Gromer and Dame Ragnell are not one in the same? How do we know Dame Ragnell is not really Morgana LeFey? Who IS Dame Ragnell? What exactly is her goal in this story? Does Dame Ragnell simply want to show the men with the highest power the way to fulfill a woman's true desire? Is she, like countless political women, plan to change things from the inside of hierarchy? Dame Ragnell may not have been quite the innocent maiden she was portrayed as in her marriage to Sir Gawain. The lessons she teaches, and the awareness she brings to the court of Arthur are definitely timeless lessons that human beings are constantly being taught. Never judge a book by its cover - you never know what it might really have to say.

Book Review of a Thousand Splendid Suns

Book Review of A Thousand Splendid Suns 17th century Afghanistan poet Saib-e-Tabrizi wrote this commendatory poem after visiting Kabul. ‘Every street of Kabul is enthralling to the eye; Through the bazaars, caravans of Egypt pass; One could not count the moons that shimmer on her roofs; And the thousand splendid suns that hide behind her walls. ’ In this world there are still many women say that they are suffering unfair treatment and demand for the right to vote, the right to manage.But to the women who had experienced two Afghanistan war (The first time Afghanistan war: from 1979 to 1989, the former Soviet Union armed invasion of Afghanistan. Second Afghanistan war: the second Afghanistan war in 2001 is based on United States-led coalition forces on October 7, 2001 for Afghanistan war cover to the Organization and the Taliban, for the United States on the revenge of the 911 incident, also marks the start of the war against terrorism. Not ended. ), the only thing what t hey want is to live.Khaled Hosseini has lived in the United States since he was fifteen years old and is an American citizen. His 2003 debut novel, The Kite Runner, was an international bestseller, selling more than 12 million copies worldwide. His second, A Thousand Splendid Suns, was released on May 22, 2007. In 2008, the book was the bestselling novel in Britain (as of April 11, 2008), with more than 700,000 copies sold. In 2006, he was appointed United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (Office) goodwill ambassadors, currently residing in Northern California.The Buffalo News says ‘Hosseini's literary abilities are such that he is able to do what all great artists do: take individual stories and, through the alchemy of insight, compassion and expression, universalize them—thereby turning them into art. ’ For reasons why he wrote this novel, Khaled Hosseini is saying ‘ although life is filled with pain and bitterness but each a sad plot can let people see hope in the Sun. Each faces behind dusty has a soul. Dedicated to Afghanistan's women.In 2003, returning to Kabul I see wearing traditional female twos and threes to go masked costume in the streets, was trailing behind their children dressed in rags, begging passers-by give change. At that moment, I would like to know, where they have been taken to life. What they dream, hope and desire? Did they talk about love? Husband how man? Spread in Afghanistan in the years to 20 years of war, they lost what? I talked with many women in Kabul; their stories are real people and heart.When I began to write of the thousand splendid Suns (a Thousand Splendid Suns), I find myself constantly think of those full of toughness of Afghanistan women. I though they may not be thrown describing Laila or Mariam source of inspiration for the role of the story, however their voices, faces and life stories of perseverance has always haunted me, and about the novel, I had a most inspiring is from Afghani stan collective spiritual power of women. ’ Mariam (She is my favorite role in this book), the illegitimate child of a Herat businessman, is forced into a loveless marriage at age fifteen to a middle-aged Kabul shoemaker, Rasheed.He demands absolute obedience from his spouse, as well as strict observance of Islamic customs restricting the movement, appearance and attire of women. In the early years of their marriage, Rasheed's mandates run counter to the modernizing forces in Kabul, where many women hold professional jobs, teach at the university, or run for public office. But with the rise of the Taliban, a whole society falls into lockstep with these dictates of Sharia, traditional Muslim law.Laila, a woman young enough to be Mariam's daughter, becomes a reluctant member of this household, when her parents are killed in a bombing, and all her friends have either die d or departed from Kabul. Rasheed takes her on as a second wife, and his bullying and overbearing behavior gr ow all the worse as the two women band together to resist his authoritarian control over their lives. When they try to escape, an Afghani man betrays them at the bus station and takes Laila's hard-saved money. This makes Rasheed even more abusive.A few years later the Taliban come into town, and all the stereotypes of the Taliban are emphasized, as if Hosseini was given the charter to reinforce them. Mariam ends up killing Rasheed in trying to save Laila from being killed by him. So, Mariam is executed by the Taliban, who â€Å"cannot† accept her story because of her being a woman. Thus, Mariam's woeful existence comes to end. Her whole life is a necklace of tragic events, pieced together one after another. And with her death, the reader is left with an enduring sense of sadness for M ariam, especially in the fact that Hosseini never did give her a break in her fictional life.As for Laila, she ends up traveling to Pakistan to marry her original love(r), eventually returning b ack to Kabul to work with an orphanage. The novel traces the trials and tribulations of Mariam and Laila as they struggle for survival, and eventually plan for a daring escape attempt that puts them at odds. Not only with Rasheed, but also with an entire society that sees them as little more than chattel. Hosseini skillfully develops the complexities and predicaments of his plot, which constantly intersects with political and social events in recent Afghan history.When I saw this book, thinking it may like The Kite Runner; finally, we will smile for the happy ending. But I was wrong. I was shocked when I read to Mariam lastly dead in order for Laila’s escaping. In the past years, Mariam has been in a miserable life. A birth is being neighbors’ laugh at, played a trick on illegitimate. Once a month to see her father. Then, naively think can and live with the father, but has to face her mother's death and father’s betrayal. At the age of 15, she is arranged to mar ry Rasheed, a shoemaker from Kabul who is thirty years her senior Also is not out of the mother's grief is far to marry someone from distance. She turned to Jalil again,’ tell them. Tell them you won’t do this’ Waiting. A silence fell over the room. Jalil kept twirling his wedding band, with a bruised, helpless look on his face. From inside the cabinet, the clock ticked on and on. † When I saw here, I feel myself becoming Mariam, despite knowing the answer is ‘ no ‘ but also hope that their father would not do such cruel things. In Kabul, Mariam becomes pregnant seven successive times, but is never able to carry a child to term, and Rasheed gradually becomes more abusive. â€Å"His powerful hands clasped her jaw.He shoved two fingers into her mouth and pried it open, then forced the cold, hard pebbles into it. Mariam struggled against him, mumbling, but he kept pushing the pebbles in, his upper lip curled in a sneer. ‘Now chew,’ h e said. Through the mouthful of grit and pebbles, Mariam mumbled a plea. Tears were leaking out of the corners of her eyes. ‘CHEW! ’ he bellowed. A gust of his smoky breath slammed against her face. Mariam chewed. Something in the back of her mouth cracked. ’Good,’ Rasheed said. His cheeks were quivering. ‘Now you know what your rice tastes like.Now you know what you've given me in this marriage. Bad food, and nothing else. ‘Then he was gone, leaving Mariam to spit out pebbles, blood, and the fragments of two broken molars†. Beside the shortly peace time of weeding,, Mariam has always been that a dozen years of life. Full of cursing and render phase. Read here, how much I hope that she will be a turning point in life. She can have a happy life, a long time to heal he pain since childhood and adolescence. But life is often not as we expected. After Laila marry to Rasheed, Mariam's identity than wife more like a maid.Mariam also abhorred La ila, but after all, both they are poor women. So, when Mariam says â€Å"There's nothing more I want. Everything I'd ever wished for as a little girl, you've already given me. You and your children have made me so very happy. It's all right, Laila jo. This is all right. Don't be sad. â€Å"Laila could find no reasonable answer for anything Mariam said. But she rambled on anyway, incoherently, childishly, about fruit trees that awaited planting and chickens that waited rising. She went on about small houses in unnamed towns, and walks to trout filled lakes.And, in the end, when the words dried up, the tears did not, and all Laila could do was surrender and sob like a child over whelmed by an adult's unassailable logic. All she could do was roll herself up and bury her face one last time in the welcoming warmth of Mariam's lap. Later that morning, Mariam packed Zalmai a small lunch of bread and dried figs. For Aziza too she packed some figs, and a few cookies shaped like animals. Sh e put it all in a paper bag and gave it to Laila. â€Å"Kiss Aziza for me,† she said. â€Å"Tell her she is the noon of my eyes and the sultan of my heart.Will you do that for me? † I can not control my excitement and couldn't help but shed tears. This great Mariam, although she was so limited in education, her fate has been so bumpy. But she still pay her own life in exchange for the freedom of Laila . And finally, as she died lonely, was killed by Taliban with stones. Her fate was unfortunate. Her fate was always driven. Even if Her one day have mastered fate, ending is ironic. She is not demanding from fate what, a little happy, it will make them happy. ‘Mariam wished for so much in those final moments.Yet as she closed her eyes, it was not regret any longer but a sensation of abundant peace that washed over her. She thought of her entry into this world, the harami child of a lowly villager, an unintended thing, a pitiable, regrettable accident. A weed. And ye t she was leaving the world as a woman who had loved and been loved back. She was leaving it as a friend, a companion, a guardian. A mother. A person of consequence at last. No. It was not so bad, Mariam thought, that she should die this way. Not so bad. This was legitimate end to a life of illegitimate beginnings. This paragraph for Mariam after her and Laila killed Rasheed, at the end of the execution ground inner monologue. ) Fate did not forgive her, but she eventually forgave fate. She was patience, she is great. Than Mariam, I personally think that Laila is much more fortunate. She was born in a wealthy family, has a good education. But war deprived this beauty girl of happy life. She was forced to separate from her lover- Tariq and all her families died because of the war. Due to be alone in the world, she was forced married Rasheed.The girl's life was completely changed because of the war. It is no doubt that she felled from heaven into hell. But luckily the nice girl met be auty minded Mariam. Because Rasheed found that the first child is not his own, also began to maltreat her. All the good luck seemed to give the Laila. After Mariam and Laila’s escape failed, Laila met Tariq again on the streets of Kabul. Finally, Mariam and Laila killed their husband together. Mariam clocked all charges and let Laila peaceful leave with Tariq. Thanks author for Laila does a person know to be grateful. As she walks to her desk at the front of the class, Laila thinks of the naming game they'd played again over dinner the night before. It has become a nightly ritual ever since Laila gave Tariq and the children the news. Back and forth they go, making a case for their own choice. Tariq likes Mohammad. Zalmai, who has recently watched Superman on tape, is puzzled as to why an Afghan boy cannot be named Clark. Aziza is campaigning hard for Aman. Laila likes Omar . But the game involves only male names. Because if it's a girl, Laila has already named her. In the end of this novel, Laila with Tariq together go back to Kabul and set up a locally school. Laila do this in order to repay this piece of land and her Savior Mariam. Finally, I want to talk about on the Mariam and Laila common husband Rasheed. Mariam and Laila live in a patriarchal authoritarian society, where women must obey their fathers, husbands and sons, only a son can give them access to social status. Rasheed for their husbands, the â€Å"me, and do not allow cursing, screaming, begging and howling, only the daily routine of playing and being hit. And that violence is a social and legal recognition. To a certain extent, we should not condemn Rasheed. Although he married to the pretty young girl Laila by telling lies, said Tariq is dead. Has a very oppressive side of his character. He was the victim of the system. He not only represents himself, mapped out a malformation of social moral values. In Afghanistan even more we don't know where in the world, there are many men are affe cted by social oppression and do the same cruel treatment of women and children.This book makes me sigh, how many injustices and tribulations a woman can bear. Originally Jalil like Nana, instead finally came into Nana seduce Jalil; just because have no child, ridiculed in a wife bear husband ridicule, irony and even beatings; to innocent little lives in the stomach, Laila can give up name node, you can discard face, She can give up everything that she can give up. Afghanistan woman in the face of suffering like a snowflake falls in General on other people's Windows, quietly melting, no sound, no moaning, only silent obedience of loneliness and despair.But suffering does not make them progressive annihilation, but shaped their great personality and will. Beset the outbreak of war, disease, families of the lost, which, on their face with a bear patiently the calm, give them the desire to live more strongly. Any suffering won't make them shaken confidence in life, because in their min d, have no â€Å"disappointed†, not â€Å"sad†. Unfortunately for it, they must endure, and it is still affordable. Normally I'm more of an action-adventure type reader when it comes to novels and recreational reading.But I was given the chance to read A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini (author of The Kite Runner), so I decided to try something out of my normal genre. I am so glad I did. This is a stunning and moving novel of life and love in Afghanistan over a 30 year period. And the past Afghanistan in my eyes has been always associated with wars, the Taliban, Bin Laden, displacement, terrorists and Jihad. By the author and his beautiful writing, I saw Afghan are yearning for freedom, hope in the future In our society now, from the films, books or other media, we tend to see are both indifference of humanity in a little bit.And this book tells the inexcusable age, two Afghanistan unlikely friendships between a woman and not destroying love story. Husseini st roke light, sincere, simple, time spans forty or fifty years, depicting two different character actress: Mariam and Laila, struggling their tragic twists and turns of fate, their stories heavy despair and warm bright, behind the sad story of the stubborn looking good and hope not to be destroyed. Through it, we should realize, that human society still need to love and trust. Humanity just like the splendid suns will follow in every corner of the world.